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  Genes & Orthologs     Family & HMMs     Pathway     Ontologies  
GENE FAMILIES, PHYLOGENETIC TREES, HMMs
PANTHER version 8.0 contains 7729 protein families, each with a phylogenetic tree relating modern-day genes in 48 organisms.

Phylogenetic trees also infer the evolutionary events that occurred, namely speciation (green nodes) and gene duplication events (orange nodes). Horizontal transfer events are not inferred in this version of PANTHER, but will appear in future versions.

Expert biologists have divided each family into subfamilies, which are generally orthologous groups but may also contain recently duplicated paralogs. Each family and subfamily is also represented as a hidden Markov model (HMM), which can be used to classify new sequences to an existing subfamily.

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© Copyright 2012 Paul Thomas All Rights Reserved.